Psychological testing refers to all the possible uses, applications, and underlying concepts of psychological and educational tests. The main use of these tests, though, is to evaluate individual differences or variations among individuals. Such tests measure individual differences in ability and personality and assume that the differences shown on the test reflect actual differences among individuals. For instance, individuals who score high on an IQ test are assumed to have a higher degree of intelligence than those who obtain low scores. Thus, the most important purpose of testing is to differentiate among those taking the tests.
Psychology
心理学是一门研究人类及动物的心理现象、精神功能和行为的科学，既是一门理论学科也是一门应用学科，包括理论心理学与应用心理学两大领域。 心理学研究涉及知觉、认知、情绪、人格、行为、人际关系、社会关系等许多领域，也与日常生活的许多领域——家庭、教育、健康、社会等发生关联。心理学一方面尝试用大脑运作来解释个体基本的行为与心理机能，同时，心理学也尝试解释个体心理机能在社会行为与社会动力中的角色；同时它也与神经科学、医学、生物学等科学有关，因为这些科学所探讨的生理作用会影响个体的心智。
